According to a study from the Scientific Reports, the Otodus megalodon was the largest shark to swim in Earth’s oceans. Its body size was 15 meters (50 feet). (Phys.org) (Forbes)

Tasmanian devils are introduced to the Australian mainland for the first time in 3,000 years. (CBS News)

The Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded to Roger Penrose “for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity,” and to Reinhard Genzel and Andrea M. Ghez “for the discovery of a supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy.” (CBC)

Mars makes its closest approach to Earth since 2018. Mars will not be closer to Earth again until 2035. (Space.com)

The European Medicines Agency announces that they will launch a review for vaccines developed by Pfizer and BioNTech. (CNBC)

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry is awarded to Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer Doudna “for the development of a method for genome editing.” (ABC)

Multiple skeletons of Oksoko avarsan are discovered in the Gobi Desert in Mongolia. (BBC)

Canadian Environment and Climate Change Minister Jonathan Wilkinson announces that Canada will ban plastic bags, drinking straws, cutlery and other single-use items by the end of 2021. (CTV)

The European Union signs a deal with Johnson & Johnson to supply up to 400 million doses of its potential vaccine. (Reuters)

Boulders are discovered on the Bennu asteroid by NASA’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft, which is expected to collect samples from the asteroid’s surface later this month. (Space.com)

NASA announces that the SpaceX Crew-1 mission to the International Space Station would be delayed to mid-November. Furthermore, NASA calls for SpaceX to investigate the issue that caused a GPS Block III to abort two seconds before launching on October 2. (CBS News)